Amakuru

Intsinzi y'impapuro zo mu rugo zigaragaza ko zikoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye iterwa n'ibyemezo bifatwa mu buryo burambuye. Ku bigo bihanganye ku buryo bworoshye, butuma umuntu arushaho kuryoherwa no gukora ibintu mu buryo buhamye,imizingo y'imbuto z'ibiti bya virginTanga urupapuro rw'ibanze rugena uko imisatsi yo mu maso, udutambaro two mu mwenda, impapuro z'ubwiherero, cyangwa amatawulo yo mu gikoni bizamera kandi bigakora nyuma yo guhindura. Ibisobanuro bikwiye si ibijyanye n'ubwiza bwa fibre gusa; binakubiyemo GSM, imiterere ya ply, ingano y'imizingo, ingano y'inyuma, imbaraga zo gukurura, kugenzura ubushuhe, no gupfunyika. Iyi nkuru isobanura amahitamo afatika abaguzi bagomba gusuzuma kugira ngo imizingo yabo ihuze n'ibisabwa mu gushyira ibicuruzwa hamwe n'ibikoresho byo guhindura.

Amahitamo yo guhindura imigozi y'imbaho ​​ya virgin wood pulp parent rolls

Gukora ikirango cy’imyambaro cyigenga gitanga umusaruro mwiza bitangira mbere yuko ibicuruzwa bigera ku maduka y’iduka. Kugera ku ishusho nziza biterwa cyane n’ibikoresho by’ibanze, kandi ku bigo bigamije isoko ryo hagati n’iryo ku rwego rwo hejuru,umuzingo w'umubyeyi w'igiti cy'intangaikora nk'intangiriro y'ibanze.

Iyi mizingo minini y'impapuro ikora nk'ibati ridafite ikintu gishobora gukoreshwa n'abahindura ibikoresho n'abakora ibikoresho. Mu kugaragaza imiterere y'urupapuro rw'ibanze—nk'imiterere y'udupira, uburemere bw'ibanze, n'ingano—abafite ibirango ku giti cyabo bashobora gusesengura imiterere yihariye y'ikoreshwa ryabyo, nk'uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora ku ntoki.igitambaro cyo mu maso cy’igiciro cyinshicyangwa uburyo igitambaro cyo mu gikoni gifata amazi vuba. Uretse imiterere ya fibre, abaguzi bagomba gusobanura neza imiterere y’ibikoresho byabo kugira ngo bihuze n’ibikoresho byabo byo guhindura.Ubugari bw'umuzingonaumurambararo wo hanze (OD)gena uburyo umuzingo ushyirwa ku gitereko cyoroshye, mu giheumurambararo w'ibanzebigomba guhuza uduce tw'imashini kugira ngo hirindwe kunyerera.Uburebure bw'urupapuro(ibipimo by'umurongo kuri buri muzenguruko) bigira ingaruka ku nshuro ihinduka ry'impinduka, no kugenagupfunyika bidapfa ubushuhe—nk'urupapuro rworoshye rufite ibyiciro byinshi—rurinda impapuro zangiritse mu gihe cyo kuzitwara no kuzibika.

Uburemere bw'ibanze, imiterere ya ply, n'uburyo bworoshye

Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi cyane mu guhitamo ibintu bishya ni uburemere bw'ibanze, bupimirwa muri garama kuri metero kare (GSM). Urugero, abakora ibikoresho bakunze kugena uburemere bworoheje buri hagati ya 12 na 15 GSM kuri buri gice cyo mu maso kugira ngo barebe ko bikozweho buhoro. Ku rundi ruhande, amashuka yo mu gikoni akoreshwa cyane akenera 20 kugeza 25 GSM kuri buri gice cyo mu gikoni kugira ngo akoreshwe mu mazi adasenyuka.

Uretse uburemere bw’inyongera, imiterere ya ply ihindura imiterere y’ibicuruzwa. Imiterere isanzwe ya ply ebyiri ikunze kuba ijyanye n’ibirango by’agaciro ka buri munsi, mu gihe kuvugurura imiterere ya ply eshatu cyangwa ply enye byongera ubunini n’ubworoherane. Iyo ihujwe n’imigozi myiza cyane, izi ply nyinshi zitanga ihumure ryinshi mu gihe zigumana imbaraga zo gukurura zikenewe mu nganda zo hasi.

Amahitamo yo gushushanya, gucapa no gusiga amavuta

Gukurura amaso n'imiterere y'icyuma akenshi biterwa no gushushanya, gucapa no gusiga irangi. Ibi ni inzira zo guhindura aho kuba uburyo bwo guhindura irangi ry'umwimerere, ariko bigena ibisabwa bikomeye ku rupapuro rw'ibanze. Gushushanya mu buryo bufatika bituma umwuka uhagarara hagati y'udupira, bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza amazi bitewe n'imiterere. Kugira ngo ibi bishyigikire badacika, abaguzi bagomba gushaka urupapuro rw'ibanze—nk'uru rugaragaza.umuzingo w'umubyeyi w'igiti cy'intanga—yakozwe mu buryo butuma imashini irushaho gukomera kandi ikagira ubushobozi bwo kuyikoresha mu buryo bumwe.

Gucapa bisaba impapuro zo hasi zifite ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubudodo buke kugira ngo wino ihinduke neza kandi hirindwe ko imitwe y'icapiro ifunga. Ubushyuhe, bukoresha kole ishongera amazi kugira ngo bufatanye n'udupira, busaba kole ihoraho (ubunini) n'ubushuhe bumwe ku rukuta. Ibi bigabanya gutandukana kw'udupira bishobora kubaho iyo ukuye agatambaro mu gikoresho gitanga ibikoresho, bigatuma abafite ibirango bikorera ku giti cyabo bashobora gukora ibintu bizwi kandi biramba.

Imigozi y'imbuto z'ibiti bya Virgin ugereranije n'izindi nsimburangingo

Mu gihe cyo gushaka impapuro z'ibanze, abaguzi muri rusange bahitamo hagati ya 100% by'ibiti bidafite isuku, impumuro yasubiwemo, cyangwa uruvange rw'ibivange. Nubwo ibikoresho byasubiwemo bikurura abantu bashishikajwe n'ibidukikije, impumuro ya ...

Mu guhitamo ibikoresho by'ibanze n'uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu, abaguzi bagomba kunyura mu bintu byinshi by'ingenzi:

• Ubworoshye ugereranije n'imbaraga:Imigozi ya virgin itunganyijwe cyane yoroshya ubworoherane ariko ishobora kugabanya imbaraga zo gukurura, bigasaba uburinganire bwitondewe ku bikoresho bikomeye.
• Kuramba ugereranije n'imikorere:Nubwo pulp yasubiwemo itanga imiterere ikomeye ku bidukikije, pulp ya virgin itanga urumuri rwinshi, ubworoherane, kandi ikora neza cyane.
• Ikiguzi ugereranije n'uburyo ibintu bihora bihinduka:Inganda zikora ibikoresho bivanze zitanga uburyo bwo gukora ibintu bitandukanye ariko zishobora gutwara ingano ntoya y’ibicuruzwa (MOQs) n’ibiciro birenga ugereranije n’ibivangwa by’ibicuruzwa byo ku isoko.

Kugira ngo bazibe icyuho cy’ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije, abaguzi benshi bahitamo impumuro y’umwimerere yemewe n’imiryango nka FSC cyangwa PEFC. Ingamba zifatika zo kubungabunga ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije zireba kandi uburyo uru ruganda rukoresha karubone, ikoreshwa ry’amazi, n’uburyo bwo gukoresha uburyo bwo gusibanganya ubuziranenge bw’ibimera budafite chlorine (TCF) cyangwa chlorine (ECF).

Itandukaniro mu buziranenge, ihumure, n'imikorere

Itandukaniro ry'ibanze hagati y'impapuro za virgin na zasubiwemo riri mu buziranenge, ubwiza, n'imiterere yazo. Impapuro zasubiwemo zinyura mu nzira nyinshi zo gusubizamo no gukuramo irangi, ibyo bigatuma impapuro za virgin ziba ngufi. Impapuro ngufi muri rusange zituma imiterere yazo iba ikomeye kandi ikagira imbaraga nke zo kuyifata. Impapuro za virgin wood pulp, ku buryo butandukanye, zikoresha impapuro ndende kandi zidahinduka ziboha hamwe kugira ngo zigire imiterere myiza.

Ibipimo by'imikorere nabyo bigaragaza itandukaniro riri muri ibi bikoresho. Virgin roll nziza cyane ikunze kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru rw'ubushyuhe bwa ISO, igatanga isura isukuye kandi yera. Byongeye kandi, imbaraga zo gukomera z'imirongo ya Virgin rolls zumutse zituma zishobora kwihanganira ibisabwa bikomeye byo guhindura imirongo yihuta cyane kandi idafite aho ihurira cyane.

Gukoresha ibishushanyo byo mu maso, ibishushanyo byo mu bwiherero, udutambaro two koza uruhu, n'amatawulo yo mu gikoni

Kubera ko impumuro y’ibiti bishya itanga uburyo bworoshye n’imbaraga, ihuza n’ubwoko bwinshi bw’impapuro zo mu rugo. Kugira ngo bumve uburyo ibikoresho bimwe by’ibanze bikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye, abahindura ibikoresho bareba neza ibipimo by’ingenzi kuri buri porogaramu. Uburemere bw’ibanze n’imiterere y’ibikoresho biri hepfo bitanga ingero zigaragaza aho kuba intego zihamye, kuko amahame y’akarere n’ibisabwa mu nzira z’ubucuruzi bitandukanye cyane.

Urugero rw'icyitegererezo, iyo ukoraibikoresho byo mu bwiherero, gushaka isoko ry'ubuziranengeurupapuro rw'umubyeyi rw'isukubireba ko igicuruzwa cya nyuma gikomeye bihagije kugira ngo gikoreshwe ariko kigasenyuka vuba mu buryo bw'amazi.

Uburyo bwo gushakisha, gupima no kwemeza

Kubona umucuruzi ukwiye w’umuzingo w’ibiti bya virgin pulp bisaba uburyo buhamye. Ba nyiri ibirango by’ibiti ku giti cyabo n’abahindura imiterere y’ibicuruzwa ntibashobora kwishingikiriza gusa ku rupapuro rubigenewe; bakeneye uburyo buhamye bwo gusuzuma kugira ngo barebe ko inyandiko ikora neza ku mirongo ihindura imiterere y’ibicuruzwa byihuse kandi ihuze n’ibyo abaguzi bifuza.

Intambwe zo gusuzuma no gupima muri laboratwari

Iyo umucuruzi atanze icyitegererezo cy’umuzingo w’ibiti bya virgin wood pulp, abahindura ibikoresho bagomba kuwukoresha mu buryo busanzwe bwo gupima muri laboratwari. Bashingiye ku buryo bw’ibizamini byashyizweho, nkaUruhererekane rwa ISO 12625 rw'impapuro z'inyama, amatsinda ashinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge asanzwe asuzuma ibipimo by'ingenzi byinshi mbere yo kwemeza:

• Uburemere bw'ibanze na Caliper:Bituma habaho ubugari bumwe, ingano, kandi bigahinduka neza kugira ngo bihindurwe neza.
• Ingufu zo Gukurura:Igerageza icyerekezo cy'imashini (MD) n'icyerekezo cyayo (CD) kugira ngo hirindwe gucikagurika mu gihe cyo gushushanya hakoreshejwe ibyuma byinshi byihuta cyangwa gushushanya hakoreshejwe imiterere yihariye.
• Kunyagirwa no Koroha:Ipima uburyo amazi abikwamo n'uburyo umuntu yumva ibintu akora, ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi cyane kuriingirabuzimafatizo zo mu maso zigezwehon'udutambaro two kwisiga.
• Ubwiza n'Umucyo:Yemeza ko ingano ya fibre 100% idafite ubwandu ihuye n'amahame y'isuku kandi ko nta mwanda utifuzwa.

Gahunda y'ibyemezo ku isoko ryihariye n'ikiguzi

Nyuma yo gupima, amatsinda ashinzwe gutanga amasoko agomba gusuzuma ibyavuye mu buhanga akurikije ingengo y'imari yabo n'aho isoko rihagaze. Umuzingo w'ibiti bya virgin pulp parent roll ugura igiciro kiri hejuru kuruta ubundi buryo bwo kongera gukoreshwa, bityo guhuza imiterere y'ibikoresho fatizo n'ingamba zo kugurisha ibicuruzwa bya nyuma ni ngombwa.

Mu gushyira ku murongo ibyavuye muri laboratwari kuri uru rwego rw'ibyemezo, ibigo by'ibicuruzwa by'isuku bishobora kwemeza byimazeyo urutonde rw'ababyeyi rurinda inyungu zabo mu gihe bitanga ihumure n'imbaraga byiza abakiriya babo baba biteze.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Garagaza ubugari bw'umuzingo, umurambararo wo hanze, umurambararo w'imbere, na metero zigororotse kuri buri muzingo mbere yo kuwukora kugira ngo wirinde guhindura imashini nabi no kumara igihe kinini idakora.
• Koresha GSM 12–15 kuri buri ply ku ruhu rworoshye rwo mu maso na GSM 20–25 kuri buri ply ku gitambaro cyo mu gikoni gikomeye cyagenewe gukoreshwa mu mazi.
• Hitamo imiterere ya 3-ply cyangwa 4-ply mu gihe ugamije ibicuruzwa byihariye bya label bisaba koroha cyane, ubwinshi, n'agaciro gasanzwe.
• Huza imbaraga zo gukurura, uburyo ubuso buboshye, caliper, n'ubushuhe bungana n'ibikenewe mu gushushanya, gucapa, cyangwa gusiga lamination.
• Saba ipaki idapfa ubushuhe ku mpapuro z’ibiti bya virgin pulp parent rolls kugira ngo ugabanye kwangirika guterwa n’ubushuhe mu gihe cyo gutwara no kubika ububiko.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Kuki wahitamo imigozi y'imbuto z'ibiti bya virgin pulp ku bicuruzwa byihariye by'inyama z'urupapuro?

Imigozi y’umukara w’igiti cya Virgin pulp itanga ubworoherane, imbaraga, isuku, kandi inyurwa n’ibintu biryoshye, bigatuma ikoreshwa neza mu bikoresho byo mu maso, mu dutambaro two mu gikoni, mu misarani, no mu bitambaro byo mu gikoni.

Ni iyihe GSM ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu irangi ryo mu maso no mu gikoni?

Inyama zo mu maso zikunze gukoresha GSM 12–15 kuri buri ply kugira ngo yorohe, mu gihe amatafari yo mu gikoni akenshi akenera GSM 20–25 kuri buri ply kugira ngo yongere imbaraga zo gutose no kwinjiza amazi.

Ni ibihe bipimo by'umuzingo abaguzi bagomba kwemeza mbere yo gutumiza?

Abaguzi bagomba kwemeza ubugari bw'umuzingo, umurambararo w'inyuma, umurambararo w'imbere, metero zigororotse kuri buri muzingo, uburemere bw'ibanze, igishushanyo mbonera cy'umuzingo, n'ibisabwa mu gupfunyika kugira ngo barebe ko bihuye n'ibikoresho bihindura.

Ni gute imiterere ya ply igira ingaruka ku gicuruzwa cy’inyama cyarangiye?

Imiterere y’amapine abiri ishyigikira ibicuruzwa bifite agaciro ka buri munsi, mu gihe amahitamo y’amapine atatu cyangwa 4 yongera ubunini, ubworoherane, n’uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora mu ntoki iyo ihujwe n’imigozi myiza.

Ese gushyira mu nyandiko no gucapa bigira ingaruka ku bisabwa ku rutonde rw'abakiriya?

Yego. Gushushanya bisaba impapuro zikomeye kandi zirambuye, mu gihe gucapa bisaba impapuro zoroshye kandi zoroshye kugira ngo wino ikomeze kwimurwa kandi idahinduka cyane.